The use of modern teaching methods and technologies in general education as a key tool of modernization

Анотація

Education has always been structured in accordance with the progress of science and technology, alongside the development of society. Similarly, the improvement of educational content, the renewal of teaching methods, the use of instructional technologies and visual aids have constantly remained in focus, ultimately leading to the alignment of the teaching-upbringing process with the demands of society. At the dawn of the 21st century, the Republic of Azerbaijan emerged as an independent state, and through its independent, sovereign state policy, it achieved modern development in the field of education, as in all other areas. Over the years of independence, Azerbaijan has rapidly advanced across various domains and has become one of the leading countries in the world. As we know, education on its own encompasses a broad scope and multiple directions. This research will focus specifically on the modernization of general education and its contemporary developmental characteristics. The modern development of general education in the Republic of Azerbaijan has already started yielding results. Integration with global educational practices has further expanded its reach. Measures taken during this period have already borne fruit. During the years of independence, a number of studies have addressed various challenges in education and the teaching-upbringing process and research in this direction continues. The rapid advancement of science, technology and particularly computer technologies has created conditions for individuals to improve and develop themselves. Consequently, not only ICT but also new teaching methods have emerged as a necessity of the era. The development of the education system and the renewal of its content have also led to changes and enhancements in teaching methods. The decrees, decisions and reforms adopted in the field of education in our country not only ensure development but also facilitate renewal. For this reason, it would be more appropriate to describe this process as "modern development". One of the key factors determining the relevance of education in our country is precisely the process of renewal. As noted in the article, a teaching method refers to the joint activity of teacher and student aimed at achieving specific goals in the learning process, and includes the means and approaches for guiding this activity effectively. A teaching method is a complex, multifaceted process. The aims, content, principles, regularities and forms of instruction are all reflected in the teaching method. As a complex and multifaceted concept, it fulfills important functions. New instructional technologies prioritize the intellectual and moral development of students, enabling their active participation in learning and allowing them to express their ideas clearly and logically. Teaching methods represent a powerful factor ensuring the efficiency of the instructional process. The changes occurring in society and in the content of education also lead to the renewal of teaching strategies. Concepts such as interactive and active learning and pedagogical technologies, which are now a reality, have become increasingly relevant. Problem-based instructional technologies, unlike traditional ones, are not based on delivering ready-made information to pupils. Instead, they aim at the independent acquisition of scientific knowledge. This approach is grounded in presenting a problem and seeking solutions for it. Problem-based learning follows its own distinct methodology. In interactive learning, every pupil is given the opportunity to voice their own ideas and perspectives. Even the weakest students are engaged in the learning process and participate in discussions. This fosters a culture of listening and respectful attention to peers' ideas. However, this does not mean that the teacher's role is diminished in interactive lessons. On the contrary, preparing and managing such lessons requires significant effort, dedication, professionalism and creativity from the teacher.